PDX1

Activates insulin and somatostatin gene transcription. Key regulator of islet peptide hormone expression but also responsible for the development of the pancreas, most probably by determining maturation and differentiation of common pancreatic precursor cells in the developing gut. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element. Binds the DNA sequence 5'-CC[CT]TAATGGG-3'.

PDX1

Activates insulin, somatostatin, glucokinase, islet amyloid polypeptide and glucose transporter type 2 gene transcription. Particularly involved in glucose-dependent regulation of insulin gene transcription. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element. Binds preferentially the DNA motif 5'-[CT]TAAT[TG]-3'. During development, specifies the early pancreatic epithelium, permitting its proliferation, branching and subsequent differentiation. At adult stage, required for maintaining the hormone-producing phenotype of the beta-cell.

Animal organ morphogenesisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Animal organ regenerationIEA:Ensembl
Animal organ senescenceIEA:Ensembl
Central nervous system developmentIEA:Ensembl
Detection of glucoseISS:BHF-UCL
Digestive tract developmentIEA:Ensembl
Exocrine pancreas developmentIEA:Ensembl
Generation of precursor metabolites and energyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Glucose homeostasisIEA:Ensembl
Glucose metabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Insulin secretionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Liver developmentIEA:Ensembl
Morphogenesis of embryonic epitheliumIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of cell population proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic processIEA:Ensembl
Nitric oxide mediated signal transductionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of cell deathIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of cell population proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of DNA bindingIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIISS:BHF-UCL
Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Response to alkaloidIEA:Ensembl
Response to chlorateIEA:Ensembl
Response to cytokineIEA:Ensembl
Response to fatty acidIEA:Ensembl
Response to glucocorticoidIEA:Ensembl
Response to iron(II) ionIEA:Ensembl
Response to leucineIEA:Ensembl
Response to nicotineIEA:Ensembl
Response to vitaminIEA:Ensembl
Response to woundingIEA:Ensembl
Response to xenobiotic stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Smoothened signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Stem cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
TransdifferentiationIEA:Ensembl
Type B pancreatic cell differentiationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL

Nucleus
Cytoplasm, cytosol

Pancreatic agenesis 1 (PAGEN1):
A disease characterized by isolated hypoplasia or agenesis of the pancreas, pancreatic beta-cell failure resulting in neonatal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
Diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM):
A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by a lack of sensitivity to the body's own insulin. Affected individuals usually have an obese body habitus and manifestations of a metabolic syndrome characterized by diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. The disease results in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 4 (MODY4):
A form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease.

Phosphorylated by the SAPK2 pathway at high intracellular glucose concentration. Phosphorylated by HIPK2 on Ser-268 upon glucose accumulation. This phosphorylation mediates subnuclear localization shifting. Phosphorylation by PASK may lead to translocation into the cytosol (By similarity).