PDX1 Antibodies

Background

PDX1 is a transcription factor that plays a core role in the development and function maintenance of the pancreas in vertebrates. This protein dominates the differentiation and maturation of pancreatic endocrine cells by regulating the expression of hormone genes such as insulin, and maintains the homeostasis balance of glucose. Diabetic patients often have abnormal expression of PDX1, as its functional disorder can directly affect the activity of pancreatic β cells. This gene was simultaneously identified by multiple laboratories in 1994. The study of its three-dimensional structure revealed the specific binding mechanism between the homologous domain and the DNA target sequence. As a key regulatory factor for pancreatic development, the research on PDX1 has greatly advanced people's understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes and the molecular regulatory network of cell directed differentiation, providing an important theoretical basis for regenerative medicine in the treatment of metabolic diseases.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of PDX1

PDX1 is a transcription factor protein with a molecular weight of approximately 31 kDa. There are slight differences in its molecular weight among different species, which mainly result from the amino acid sequence variations of the DNA-binding domain.

Species	Human	Mouse	Rat	Zebrafish	African clawed toad
Molecular Weight (kDa)	31.0	30.8	30.9	29.5	28.7
Primary Structural Differences	Contains homeodomain and transcriptional activation domain	The N-terminal sequence shows species specificity	The C-terminal regulatory region is slightly different	Homologous domains are conserved	The functional domains are basically retained

This protein is composed of 284 amino acids. Its three-dimensional structural feature is a highly conserved homologous domain, composed of three α -helices forming a typical helical-rotation-helical motif. The second and third α -helices are responsible for recognizing and binding to specific sequences in the DNA large groove, among which the asparagine residue at position 47 plays a key role in DNA binding specificity. The N-terminal transcriptional activation domain is rich in proline and regulates pancreatic development and β -cell function through interaction with other transcription factors.

Fig. 1 Regulation of mammalian PDX1 gene by multiple factors.¹

Key structural properties of PDX1:

Contains the homeodomain to form a helix-turn-helix motif
Conservative DNA binding interface consists of three alpha helix
The N-terminal transcriptional activation domain is rich in proline residues

Functions of PDX1

The core function of the PDX1 gene is to regulate pancreatic development and maintain β -cell function. In addition, it is also involved in key physiological processes such as maintaining glucose homeostasis and the differentiation of endocrine cells.

Function	Description
Regulation of pancreatic development	Dominant pancreatic primordia formation and endocrine progenitor cell differentiation, to ensure the normal development of islet.
Insulin gene transcription	Specifically bind to the promoter region of the insulin gene to activate its transcriptional expression.
Maintenance of β -cell function	Regulate the expression of multiple β -cell-specific genes and maintain the identity and function of mature β cells.
Glucose sensing regulation	Participate in the insulin secretion pathway stimulated by glucose to ensure the balance of blood glucose homeostasis.
Cell differentiation orientation	By regulating downstream target genes, precursor cells are guided to differentiate into endocrine lineages.

The binding of PDX1 to DNA exhibits synergistic characteristics, and its affinity is regulated by post-translational modifications. This dynamic regulatory mechanism enables it to precisely respond to changes in blood glucose concentration, thereby playing a core role in metabolic homeostasis.

Applications of PDX1 and PDX1 Antibody in Literature

1. Wang, Ning, et al. "PDX1 and MC4R genetic polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in the Chinese Han population." BMC Medical Genomics 14.1 (2021): 249.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-021-01037-3

Studies have confirmed that the polymorphisms of PDX1 and MC4R genes are associated with the risk of T2DM in the Chinese Han population. In particular, PDX1-RS9581943 has a protective effect, providing a new target for disease assessment.

2. Salguero-Aranda, Carmen, et al. "Pdx1 is transcriptionally regulated by EGR-1 during nitric oxide-induced endoderm differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.7 (2022): 3920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073920

Studies have shown that the transcription factor EGR-1 inhibits its expression by binding to the Pdx1 promoter, and its binding ability is regulated by the DNA methylation and acetylation states. Inhibiting EGR-1 may guide pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into PDX1-dependent cell lines.

3. Ebrahim, Nour, Ksenia Shakirova, and Erdem Dashinimaev. "PDX1 is the cornerstone of pancreatic β-cell functions and identity." Frontiers in molecular biosciences 9 (2022): 1091757. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.1091757

The review indicates that the transcription factor PDX1 is a key target for the treatment of diabetes. By understanding its genetic and epigenetic regulation and optimizing the differentiation protocol, it is expected to achieve cell therapy targeting the cause.

4. Baumel-Alterzon, Sharon, and Donald K. Scott. "Regulation of Pdx1 by oxidative stress and Nrf2 in pancreatic beta-cells." Frontiers in Endocrinology 13 (2022): 1011187. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1011187

The review indicates that oxidative stress leads to β -cell dysfunction by inhibiting the expression and function of PDX1. Activating the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway can maintain PDX1 levels and may become a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetes.

5. Usher, Emery T., and Scott A. Showalter. "Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1." Journal of Biological Chemistry 298.12 (2022): 102623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102623

The review points out that PDX1 is the core regulatory factor of insulin transcription, but its disordered protein region makes the molecular mechanism difficult to analyze. The new method is expected to clarify the details of its effect and provide a new target for the treatment of pancreatic diseases.

Creative Biolabs: PDX1 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality PDX1 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom PDX1 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our PDX1 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Ebrahim, Nour, Ksenia Shakirova, and Erdem Dashinimaev. "PDX1 is the cornerstone of pancreatic β-cell functions and identity." Frontiers in molecular biosciences 9 (2022): 1091757. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.1091757

Anti-PDX1 antibodies

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Mouse Anti-PDX1 Antibody (F109-D12) (CBMAB-1485CQ)

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Target: PDX1

Host: Mouse

Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ

Specificity: Rat, Mouse

Clone: F109-D12

Application*: E, F, P, IF, IH, WB