NQO1

This gene is a member of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family and encodes a cytoplasmic 2-electron reductase. This FAD-binding protein forms homodimers and reduces quinones to hydroquinones. This protein's enzymatic activity prevents the one electron reduction of quinones that results in the production of radical species. Mutations in this gene have been associated with tardive dyskinesia (TD), an increased risk of hematotoxicity after exposure to benzene, and susceptibility to various forms of cancer. Altered expression of this protein has been seen in many tumors and is also associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1

Flavin-containing quinone reductase that catalyzes two-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones using either NADH or NADPH as electron donors. In a ping-pong kinetic mechanism, the electrons are sequentially transferred from NAD(P)H to flavin cofactor and then from reduced flavin to the quinone, bypassing the formation of semiquinone and reactive oxygen species (PubMed:8999809, PubMed:9271353) (By similarity).
Regulates cellular redox state primarily through quinone detoxification. Reduces components of plasma membrane redox system such as coenzyme Q and vitamin quinones, producing antioxidant hydroquinone forms. In the process may function as superoxide scavenger to prevent hydroquinone oxidation and facilitate excretion (PubMed:8999809, PubMed:9271353, PubMed:15102952).
Alternatively, can activate quinones and their derivatives by generating redox reactive hydroquinones with DNA cross-linking antitumor potential (PubMed:8999809).
Acts as a gatekeeper of the core 20S proteasome known to degrade proteins with unstructured regions. Upon oxidative stress, interacts with tumor suppressors TP53 and TP73 in a NADH-dependent way and inhibits their ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S proteasome (PubMed:15687255, PubMed:28291250).

AgingIEA:Ensembl
Cell redox homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIEP:UniProtKB
Cellular response to hydrogen peroxideIEA:Ensembl
Cellular response to metal ionIEA:Ensembl
Cellular response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
NADH oxidationIEA:Ensembl
NADPH oxidationIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of apoptotic processIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of catalytic activityIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of cellular protein catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Nitric oxide biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processIEA:Ensembl
Removal of superoxide radicalsManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Response to alkaloidIEA:Ensembl
Response to amineIEA:Ensembl
Response to carbohydrateIEA:Ensembl
Response to electrical stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Response to estradiolIEA:Ensembl
Response to ethanolIEA:Ensembl
Response to flavonoidIEA:Ensembl
Response to hormoneIEA:Ensembl
Response to hydrogen sulfideIEA:Ensembl
Response to ischemiaIEA:Ensembl
Response to L-glutamineIEA:Ensembl
Response to nutrientIEA:Ensembl
Response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIEP:UniProtKB
Response to testosteroneIEA:Ensembl
Response to tetrachloromethaneIEA:Ensembl
Response to toxic substanceManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Synaptic transmission, cholinergicManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Ubiquinone metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Vitamin E metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Vitamin K metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Xenobiotic metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc

Cytoplasm, cytosol