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Rabbit Anti-EIF2S1 Recombinant Antibody (RM298) (CBMAB-BR165LY)


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Summary

Host Animal
Rabbit
Specificity
Human
Clone
RM298
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Application
IHC: 1:300-1:500 dilution, WB: 0.1-0.5 μg/ml

Basic Information

Immunogen
A phospho-peptide corresponding to human Phospho- eIF-2a (Ser51)
Specificity
Human
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Monoclonal
Application Notes
The COA includes recommended starting dilutions, optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.

Formulations & Storage [For reference only, actual COA shall prevail!]

Format
Liquid
Buffer
50% glycerol, 1% BSA
Preservative
0.09% sodium azide
Storage
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid repeated freezethaw cycles.

Target

Full Name
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Subunit Alpha
Introduction
The translation initiation factor EIF2 catalyzes the first regulated step of protein synthesis initiation, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40S ribosomal subunits. Binding occurs as a ternary complex of methionyl-tRNA, EIF2, and GTP. EIF2 is composed of 3 nonidentical subunits, the 36-kD EIF2-alpha subunit (EIF2S1), the 38-kD EIF2-beta subunit (EIF2S2; MIM 603908), and the 52-kD EIF2-gamma subunit (EIF2S3; MIM 300161). The rate of formation of the ternary complex is modulated by the phosphorylation state of EIF2-alpha (Ernst et al., 1987 [PubMed 2948954]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2010]
Entrez Gene ID
1965
UniProt ID
P05198
Alternative Names
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1;Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha;eIF-2-alpha;eIF-2A;eIF-2alpha;EIF2S1;EIF2A;
Research Area
Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA (PubMed:16289705).

This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre-initiation complex (PubMed:16289705).

Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex (PubMed:16289705).

In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B (PubMed:16289705).

EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha is a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR), required for adaptation to various stress: phosphorylation by metabolic-stress sensing protein kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2) in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to an attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming (PubMed:19131336, PubMed:33384352).
Biological Process
Aging Source: Ensembl
Cellular response to amino acid starvation Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to heat Source: Ensembl
Cellular response to oxidative stress Source: ARUK-UCL
Cellular response to UV Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of translational initiation in response to stress Source: UniProtKB
PERK-mediated unfolded protein response Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of neuron death Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process Source: Ensembl
Protein autophosphorylation Source: Ensembl
Response to endoplasmic reticulum stress Source: UniProtKB
Response to manganese-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress Source: Ensembl
Stress granule assembly Source: ARUK-UCL
Cellular Location
Stress granule. Colocalizes with NANOS3 in the stress granules.
PTM
Phosphorylation at Ser-49 and Ser-52 stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of integrated stress response (ISR)-specific mRNAs (PubMed:15207627, PubMed:18032499, PubMed:19131336). Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2 (By similarity). Phosphorylated; phosphorylation on Ser-52 by the EIF2AK4/GCN2 protein kinase occurs in response to amino acid starvation and UV irradiation (By similarity).
(Microbial infection) Phosphorylation by vaccinia virus protein E3 and rotavirus A stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation.
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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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