WNT3A

The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. This gene is a member of the WNT gene family. It encodes a protein which shows 96% amino acid identity to mouse Wnt3A protein, and 84% to human WNT3 protein, another WNT gene product. This gene is clustered with WNT14 gene, another family member, in chromosome 1q42 region.

Wnt family member 3A

Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family (PubMed:20093360, PubMed:21244856, PubMed:24841207, PubMed:26902720).
Required for normal embryonic mesoderm development and formation of caudal somites. Required for normal morphogenesis of the developing neural tube (By similarity).
Mediates self-renewal of the stem cells at the bottom on intestinal crypts (in vitro) (PubMed:26902720).

Biological Process axis elongation involved in somitogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process axon guidance Source:Ensembl
Biological Process B cell proliferation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process calcium ion transmembrane transport via low voltage-gated calcium channel Source:Ensembl
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle cell fate commitment Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process cell fate commitment Source:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process cell population proliferation Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process cell proliferation in forebrain Source:BHF-UCL
Biological Process cell proliferation in midbrain Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process cellular response to retinoic acid Source:UniProtKB
Biological Process COP9 signalosome assembly Source:BHF-UCL
Biological Process dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning Source:Ensembl
Biological Process extracellular matrix organization Source:Ensembl
Biological Process fat cell differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process heart looping Source:Ensembl
Biological Process hemopoiesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process hippocampus development Source:Ensembl
Biological Process in utero embryonic development Source:Ensembl
Biological Process inner ear morphogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process mammary gland development Source:Ensembl
Biological Process modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Source:Ensembl
Biological Process myoblast differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance Source:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of fat cell differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of heart induction by canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process negative regulation of neurogenesis Source:BHF-UCL
Biological Process negative regulation of neuron death Source:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of neuron projection development Source:UniProtKB
Biological Process neuron differentiation Source:UniProtKB
Biological Process osteoblast differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process paraxial mesodermal cell fate commitment Source:Ensembl
Biological Process platelet aggregation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of B cell proliferation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source:BHF-UCL2 Publications
Biological Process positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in controlling type B pancreatic cell proliferation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source:BHF-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of collateral sprouting in absence of injury Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of cytokine production Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of dermatome development Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription Source:BHF-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of gene expression Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of mesodermal cell fate specification Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of protein binding Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source:BHF-UCL2 Publications
Biological Process positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of receptor internalization Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process post-anal tail morphogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process presynapse assembly Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process protein localization Source:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization Source:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of postsynapse to nucleus signaling pathway Source:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of presynapse assembly Source:SynGO2 Publications
Biological Process regulation of synapse organization Source:SynGO2 Publications
Biological Process secondary palate development Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process skeletal muscle cell differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process somatic stem cell division Source:Ensembl
Biological Process spinal cord association neuron differentiation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process synaptic vesicle recycling Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process transcription by RNA polymerase II Source:Ensembl
Biological Process Wnt signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuroblast division Source:Ensembl
Biological Process Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication

Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix
Secreted

Palmitoleoylation by PORCN is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Palmitoleoylation is required for proper trafficking to cell surface, vacuolar acidification is critical to release palmitoleoylated WNT3A from WLS in secretory vesicles (PubMed:20826466, PubMed:21244856, PubMed:24292069).
Depalmitoleoylated by NOTUM, leading to inhibit Wnt signaling pathway, possibly by promoting disulfide bond formation and oligomerization (PubMed:25731175).
Proteolytic processing by TIKI1 and TIKI2 promotes oxidation and formation of large disulfide-bond oligomers, leading to inactivation of WNT3A.
Disulfide bonds have critical and distinct roles in secretion and activity. Loss of each conserved cysteine in WNT3A results in high molecular weight oxidized Wnt oligomers, which are formed through inter-Wnt disulfide bonding.