SUMO1

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) protein family. It functions in a manner similar to ubiquitin in that it is bound to target proteins as part of a post-translational modification system. However, unlike ubiquitin which targets proteins for degradation, this protein is involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and protein stability. It is not active until the last four amino acids of the carboxy-terminus have been cleaved off. Several pseudogenes have been reported for this gene. Alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq]

SUMO1

Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Involved for instance in targeting RANGAP1 to the nuclear pore complex protein RANBP2. Covalently attached to the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB1; this modulates the gating characteristics of KCNB1 (PubMed:19223394).
Polymeric SUMO1 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins. May also regulate a network of genes involved in palate development. Covalently attached to ZFHX3 (PubMed:24651376).

Biological Process cellular response to cadmium ionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process cellular response to heatManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process DNA repairManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Biological Process negative regulation of action potentialManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process negative regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process negative regulation of DNA bindingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:CAFA
Biological Process negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Biological Process negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:GO_Central
Biological Process negative regulation of protein import into nucleusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor localizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process PML body organizationIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of ATPase-coupled calcium transmembrane transporter activityIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process positive regulation of protein-containing complex assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Biological Process protein localization to nuclear poreIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process protein stabilizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process protein sumoylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process regulation of cardiac muscle cell contractionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of protein localizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process roof of mouth developmentISS:UniProtKB

Nucleus membrane
Nucleus speckle
Cytoplasm
Nucleus, PML body
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Recruited by BCL11A into the nuclear body (By similarity).
In the presence of ZFHX3, sequesterd to nuclear body (NB)-like dots in the nucleus some of which overlap or closely associate with PML body (PubMed:24651376).

Non-syndromic orofacial cleft 10 (OFC10):
A birth defect consisting of cleft lips with or without cleft palate. Cleft lips are associated with cleft palate in two-third of cases. A cleft lip can occur on one or both sides and range in severity from a simple notch in the upper lip to a complete opening in the lip extending into the floor of the nostril and involving the upper gum.

Cleavage of precursor form by SENP1 or SENP2 is necessary for function.
Polymeric SUMO1 chains undergo polyubiquitination by RNF4.