SST

The hormone somatostatin has active 14 aa and 28 aa forms that are produced by alternate cleavage of the single preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells.

Somatostatin

Somatostatin-14
Inhibits the secretion of pituitary hormones, including that of growth hormone/somatotropin (GH1), PRL, ACTH, luteinizing hormone (LH) and TSH. Also impairs ghrelin- and GnRH-stimulated secretion of GH1 and LH; the inhibition of ghrelin-stimulated secretion of GH1 can be further increased by neuronostatin.
Neuronostatin
May enhance low-glucose-induced glucagon release by pancreatic alpha cells (By similarity).
This effect may be mediated by binding to GPR107 and PKA activation (By similarity).
May regulate cardiac contractile function (By similarity).
May compromise cardiomyocyte viability (By similarity).
In the central nervous system, may impair memory retention and may affect hippocampal excitability (By similarity).
May also have anxiolytic and anorexigenic effects (By similarity).
May play a role in arterial pressure regulation (By similarity).
May inhibit basal, but not ghrelin- or GnRH-stimulated secretion of GH1 or LH, but does not affect the release of other pituitary hormones, including PRL, ACTH, FSH or TSH. Potentiates inhibitory action of somatostatin on ghrelin-stimulated secretion of GH1, but not that on GnRH-stimulated secretion of LH (PubMed:29615476).

Biological Process cell surface receptor signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process cell-cell signalingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process chemical synaptic transmissionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process digestionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process hormone-mediated apoptotic signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process hyperosmotic responseIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of cell population proliferationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process regulation of cell migrationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process response to acidic pHIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to amino acidIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to heatIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to nutrientManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process response to steroid hormoneIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to xenobiotic stimulusIEA:Ensembl

Secreted

C-terminal amidation of the neuronostatin peptide is required for its biological activity, including for the regulation of mean arterial pressure.