PTPRE

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported, one of which encodes a receptor-type PTP that possesses a short extracellular domain, a single transmembrane region, and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains; Another one encodes a PTP that contains a distinct hydrophilic N-terminus, and thus represents a nonreceptor-type isoform of this PTP. Studies of the similar gene in mice suggested the regulatory roles of this PTP in RAS related signal transduction pathways, cytokines induced SATA signaling, as well as the activation of voltage-gated K+ channels. [provided by RefSeq]

protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, E

Isoform 1 plays a critical role in signaling transduction pathways and phosphoprotein network topology in red blood cells. May play a role in osteoclast formation and function (By similarity).
Isoform 2 acts as a negative regulator of insulin receptor (IR) signaling in skeletal muscle. Regulates insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphorylation of protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase-3 and insulin induced stimulation of glucose uptake (By similarity).
Isoform 1 and isoform 2 act as a negative regulator of FceRI-mediated signal transduction leading to cytokine production and degranulation, most likely by acting at the level of SYK to affect downstream events such as phosphorylation of SLP76 and LAT and mobilization of Ca2+.

Negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayISS:UniProtKB
Protein dephosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central

Isoform 1
Cell membrane
Isoform 2
Cytoplasm
Predominantly cytoplasmic. A small fraction is also associated with nucleus and membrane. Insulin induces translocation to the membrane (By similarity).
Isoform 3
Cytoplasm

Extracellular: 20-46
Helical: 47-69
Cytoplasmic: 70-700

A catalytically active cytoplasmic form (p65) is produced by proteolytic cleavage of either isoform 1, isoform 2 or isoform 3.
Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by tyrosine kinase Neu.
Isoform 1 is glycosylated.