LOX

LOX is a member of the lysyl oxidase family of proteins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate a regulatory propeptide and the mature enzyme. The copper-dependent amine oxidase activity of this enzyme plays a role in the crosslinking of collagens and elastin, while the propeptide may play a role in tumor suppression. In addition, defects in this gene have been linked with predisposition to thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections.

lysyl oxidase

Responsible for the post-translational oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin (PubMed:26838787).
Regulator of Ras expression. May play a role in tumor suppression. Plays a role in the aortic wall architecture (By similarity).

Ascending aorta developmentIEA:Ensembl
Blood vessel morphogenesisISS:UniProtKB
Bone mineralizationIEA:Ensembl
Cell chemotaxisIEA:Ensembl
Cellular protein modification processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Cellular response to chemokineIEA:Ensembl
Collagen fibril organizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Connective tissue developmentIEA:Ensembl
Descending aorta developmentIEA:Ensembl
DNA biosynthetic processIEA:Ensembl
Elastic fiber assemblyIEA:Ensembl
Heart developmentIEA:Ensembl
Lung developmentIEA:Ensembl
Muscle cell cellular homeostasisIEA:Ensembl
Muscle cell developmentIEA:Ensembl
Osteoblast differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Peptidyl-lysine oxidationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Protein kinase B signalingIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of apoptotic processIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of bone developmentIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of gene expressionIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of megakaryocyte differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of protein phosphorylationIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of receptor bindingIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of striated muscle tissue developmentIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Response to steroid hormoneIEA:Ensembl
Response to xenobiotic stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Wound healingIEA:Ensembl

Secreted
Secreted, extracellular space

Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 10 (AAT10):
A form of thoracic aortic aneurysm, a disease characterized by permanent dilation of the thoracic aorta usually due to degenerative changes in the aortic wall. It is primarily associated with a characteristic histologic appearance known as 'medial necrosis' or 'Erdheim cystic medial necrosis' in which there is degeneration and fragmentation of elastic fibers, loss of smooth muscle cells, and an accumulation of basophilic ground substance.

The lysine tyrosylquinone cross-link (LTQ) is generated by condensation of the epsilon-amino group of a lysine with a topaquinone produced by oxidation of tyrosine.
Proteolytically cleaved by BMP1 which removes the propeptide (PubMed:31152061).
Also proteolytically cleaved by ADAMTS2 and ADAMTS14, but not by ADAMTS3, at an additional cleavage site downstream of the BMP1 cleavage site (PubMed:31152061).
The propeptide plays a role in directing the deposition of this enzyme to elastic fibers, via interaction with tropoelastin (By similarity).
Cleavage by BMP1 to remove the propeptide does not increase enzymatic activity but increases binding to collagen (PubMed:31152061).
Cleavage by ADAMTS2 produces a form with reduced collagen-binding activity (PubMed:31152061).By Similarity1 Publication
Sulfated at Tyr-187 and also at either Tyr-183 or Tyr-184 which enhances binding to collagen.