ITGAM
This gene encodes the integrin alpha M chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 ('Mac-1'), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 ('CR3'). The alpha M beta 2 integrin is important in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium, and also in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Full Name
Integrin Subunit Alpha M
Alternative Names
Integrin Subunit Alpha M
Function
Integrin ITGAM/ITGB2 is implicated in various adhesive interactions of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes as well as in mediating the uptake of complement-coated particles and pathogens (PubMed:9558116, PubMed:20008295).
It is identical with CR-3, the receptor for the iC3b fragment of the third complement component. It probably recognizes the R-G-D peptide in C3b. Integrin ITGAM/ITGB2 is also a receptor for fibrinogen, factor X and ICAM1. It recognizes P1 and P2 peptides of fibrinogen gamma chain. Regulates neutrophil migration (PubMed:28807980).
In association with beta subunit ITGB2/CD18, required for CD177-PRTN3-mediated activation of TNF primed neutrophils (PubMed:21193407).
May regulate phagocytosis-induced apoptosis in extravasated neutrophils (By similarity).
May play a role in mast cell development (By similarity).
Required with TYROBP/DAP12 in microglia to control production of microglial superoxide ions which promote the neuronal apoptosis that occurs during brain development (By similarity).
Biological Process
Amyloid-beta clearanceISS:ARUK-UCL
Apoptotic signaling pathwayISS:ARUK-UCL
Cell adhesionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in cell-cell signalingISS:ARUK-UCL
Cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules1 PublicationNAS:ARUK-UCL
Complement-mediated synapse pruningISS:ARUK-UCL
Ectodermal cell differentiationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIEP:UniProtKB
Forebrain developmentISS:ARUK-UCL
Innate immune responseIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Integrin-mediated signaling pathwayIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Microglial cell activationISS:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of dopamine metabolic processISS:ARUK-UCL
Phagocytosis, engulfmentISS:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic processISS:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicityISS:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of neuron deathISS:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of neutrophil degranulationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIGI:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of prostaglandin-E synthase activityISS:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of protein targeting to membraneISS:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of superoxide anion generationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIGI:UniProtKB
Receptor-mediated endocytosisISS:ARUK-UCL
Vertebrate eye-specific patterningISS:ARUK-UCL
Cellular Location
Cell membrane; Membrane raft
Involvement in disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus 6 (SLEB6):
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.
Topology
Extracellular: 17-1104
Helical: 1105-1128
Cytoplasmic: 1129-1152
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