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Mouse Anti-FFAR2 Recombinant Antibody (3B3) (CBMAB-G1530-LY)


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Summary

Host Animal
Mouse
Specificity
Human
Clone
3B3
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Application
WB

Basic Information

Specificity
Human
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Monoclonal
Application Notes
The COA includes recommended starting dilutions, optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.

Formulations & Storage [For reference only, actual COA shall prevail!]

Format
Liquid
Purity
> 95% Purity determined by SDS-PAGE.
Storage
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid repeated freezethaw cycles.

Target

Full Name
Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2
Introduction
This gene encodes a member of the GP40 family of G protein-coupled receptors that are clustered together on chromosome 19. The encoded protein is a receptor for short chain free fatty acids and may be involved in the inflammatory response and in regulating lipid plasma levels. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Entrez Gene ID
2867
UniProt ID
O15552
Alternative Names
Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2; G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43; GPR43; Free Fatty Acid Activated Receptor 2; G Protein-Coupled Receptor 43; Fatty Acid Receptor 2; GPCR43; FFA2R; FFA2;
Research Area
G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin-sensitive, G(i/o)-alpha family of G proteins but also to the Gq family (PubMed:12496283, PubMed:12711604, PubMed:23589301).

Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation. May play a role in glucose homeostasis by regulating the secretion of GLP-1, in response to short-chain fatty acids accumulating in the intestine. May also regulate the production of LEP/Leptin, a hormone acting on the central nervous system to inhibit food intake. Finally, may also regulate whole-body energy homeostasis through adipogenesis regulating both differentiation and lipid storage of adipocytes. In parallel to its role in energy homeostasis, may also mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune responses by SCFA in the intestine, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines. May also play a role in the resolution of the inflammatory response and control chemotaxis in neutrophils. In addition to SCFAs, may also be activated by the extracellular lectin FCN1 in a process leading to activation of monocytes and inducing the secretion of interleukin-8/IL-8 in response to the presence of microbes (PubMed:21037097).

Among SCFAs, the fatty acids containing less than 6 carbons, the most potent activators are probably acetate, propionate and butyrate (PubMed:12496283, PubMed:12711604).

Exhibits a SCFA-independent constitutive G protein-coupled receptor activity (PubMed:23066016).
Biological Process
Cell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to fatty acid Source: UniProtKB
Fat cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Glucose homeostasis Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
Lipid storage Source: UniProtKB
Mucosal immune response Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of chemokine production Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of interleukin-8 production Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of acute inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of peptide hormone secretion Source: UniProtKB
Cellular Location
Cell membrane
Topology
Extracellular: 1-12
Helical: 13-33
Cytoplasmic: 34-41
Helical: 42-62
Extracellular: 63-84
Helical: 85-105
Cytoplasmic: 106-126
Helical: 127-147
Extracellular: 148-173
Helical: 174-194
Cytoplasmic: 195-219
Helical: 220-240
Extracellular: 241-255
Helical: 256-276
Cytoplasmic: 277-330
More Infomation

Dahlstrand Rudin, A., Khamzeh, A., Venkatakrishnan, V., Basic, A., Christenson, K., & Bylund, J. (2021). Short chain fatty acids released by Fusobacterium nucleatum are neutrophil chemoattractants acting via free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2). Cellular Microbiology, 23(8), e13348.

Liu, Q., Tian, X., Maruyama, D., Arjomandi, M., & Prakash, A. (2021). Lung immune tone via gut-lung axis: Gut-derived LPS and short-chain fatty acids’ immunometabolic regulation of lung IL-1β, FFAR2, and FFAR3 expression. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 321(1), L65-L78.

Traisaeng, S., Batsukh, A., Chuang, T. H., Herr, D. R., Huang, Y. F., Chimeddorj, B., & Huang, C. M. (2020). Leuconostoc mesenteroides fermentation produces butyric acid and mediates Ffar2 to regulate blood glucose and insulin in type 1 diabetic mice. Scientific reports, 10(1), 1-10.

Wang, G., Jiang, L., Wang, J., Zhang, J., Kong, F., Li, Q., ... & Li, C. (2020). The G protein-coupled receptor FFAR2 promotes internalization during influenza A virus entry. Journal of Virology, 94(2), e01707-19.

Fachi, J. L., Sécca, C., Rodrigues, P. B., Mato, F. C. P. D., Di Luccia, B., Felipe, J. D. S., ... & Vinolo, M. A. R. (2020). Acetate coordinates neutrophil and ILC3 responses against C. difficile through FFAR2. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 217(3).

Mishra, S. P., Karunakar, P., Taraphder, S., & Yadav, H. (2020). FFAR2/3 as Microbial metabolite sensors to shape host health: Pharmacophysiological view.

Ruan, J., Meng, H., Wang, X., Chen, W., Tian, X., & Meng, F. (2020). Low expression of FFAR2 in peripheral white blood cells may be a genetic marker for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Cardiology research and practice, 2020.

Chun, E., Lavoie, S., Fonseca-Pereira, D., Bae, S., Michaud, M., Hoveyda, H. R., ... & Garrett, W. S. (2019). Metabolite-sensing receptor Ffar2 regulates colonic group 3 innate lymphoid cells and gut immunity. Immunity, 51(5), 871-884.

Montalvany-Antonucci, C. C., Duffles, L. F., de Arruda, J. A. A., Zicker, M. C., de Oliveira, S., Macari, S., ... & Silva, T. A. (2019). Short-chain fatty acids and FFAR2 as suppressors of bone resorption. Bone, 125, 112-121.

Pan, P., Oshima, K., Huang, Y. W., Agle, K. A., Drobyski, W. R., Chen, X., ... & Wang, L. S. (2018). L oss of FFAR 2 promotes colon cancer by epigenetic dysregulation of inflammation suppressors. International journal of cancer, 143(4), 886-896.

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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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