MSTN

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein negatively regulates skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. Mutations in this gene are associated with increased skeletal muscle mass in humans and other mammals. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

Myostatin

Acts specifically as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth.

Cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus Source: Ensembl
Muscle cell cellular homeostasis Source: CACAO
Muscle organ development Source: ProtInc
Myoblast migration involved in skeletal muscle regeneration Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of kinase activity Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of muscle hypertrophy Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of myoblast differentiation Source: CACAO
Negative regulation of myoblast proliferation Source: AgBase
Negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling Source: CACAO
Negative regulation of satellite cell differentiation Source: AgBase
Negative regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation Source: AgBase
Negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth Source: CACAO
Ovulation cycle process Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: HGNC-UCL
Response to electrical stimulus Source: Ensembl
Response to estrogen Source: Ensembl
Response to ethanol Source: Ensembl
Response to gravity Source: Ensembl
Response to heat Source: Ensembl
Response to muscle activity Source: Ensembl
Response to testosterone Source: Ensembl
Skeletal muscle atrophy Source: Ensembl
SMAD protein signal transduction Source: GO_Central
Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl

Secreted

Muscle hypertrophy (MSLHP):
A condition characterized by increased muscle bulk and strength. Affected individuals are exceptionally strong.

Synthesized as large precursor molecule that undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate an N-terminal propeptide and a disulfide linked C-terminal dimer, which is the biologically active molecule. The circulating form consists of a latent complex of the C-terminal dimer and other proteins, including its propeptide, which maintain the C-terminal dimer in a latent, inactive state. Ligand activation requires additional cleavage of the prodomain by a tolloid-like metalloproteinase.