IL5 Antibodies

Structure of IL5

The protein encoded by the IL5 gene (interleukin-5) is a relatively small cytokine with a molecular weight of approximately 12-15 kDa, usually existing in the form of a homodimer glycoprotein, which results in its actual molecular weight being about 45-60 kDa under non-reducing conditions.

The core structural feature of the IL5 protein is that it is a homodimer formed by two identical monomers linked by disulfide bonds. Each monomer is mainly composed of four α -helical bundles (A-D) to form its secondary structure. This typical "bundle" structure is A common feature of type I cytokines. The stability of its tertiary and quaternary structures and the specific binding to receptors depend on the intramolecular and intermolecular disulfide bonds formed by conserved cysteine residues.

Fig. 1 Inhibitors of the IL-5 pathway.¹

Key structural properties of IL5:

• Bundle-like folding structure consisting of four α-helices
• Conformation of homologous dimer stabilized by disulfide bonds
• Specific receptor binding epitopes are located in the helix D region

Functions of IL5

The main function of the IL5 gene is to specifically regulate the generation and activation of eosinophils. However, it is also widely involved in various immunopathological processes, including allergic diseases and anti-parasitic immunity.

Unlike GM-CSF, which has a wide range of effects, the function of IL5 is highly specifically concentrated in the eosinophil lineage, making it an extremely attractive target for the treatment of eosinophilic diseases. Monoclonal antibody drugs targeting IL5 can significantly reduce the level of eosinophils, thereby effectively controlling the disease.

Applications of IL5 and IL5 Antibody in Literature

1. Pala, Daniele, and Marco Pistis. "Anti-IL5 drugs in COVID-19 patients: role of eosinophils in SARS-CoV-2-induced immunopathology." Frontiers in Pharmacology 12 (2021): 622554. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.622554

The article indicates that in SARS-CoV-2 infection, IL-5-driven eosinophil activation may exacerbate immunopathology in the later stage of the disease. Severe patients have a Th2 immune response, while asthma patients, who are often treated with glucocorticoids or IL-5 inhibitors (such as mepolizumab), have their eosinophil activity inhibited. This might be one of the reasons why they have a lower risk of severe COVID-19. Therefore, inhibiting IL-5 may alleviate the harmful immune response of severe COVID-19.

2. Gorzkiewicz, Marta, et al. "The methylation profile of IL4, IL5, IL10, IFNG and FOXP3 associated with environmental exposures differed between Polish infants with the food allergy and/or atopic dermatitis and without the disease." Frontiers in Immunology 14 (2023): 1209190. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1209190

This study analyzed the methylation levels of key immune genes (including IL-5) in Polish infants and found that environmental factors significantly affected their epigenetic regulation. Among allergic infants, pregnancy complications, breastfeeding methods and the mother's BMI, etc. are all related to the changes in IL-5 methylation rate. This indicates that environmental exposure in the early stage of life can be involved in the development of allergic diseases by altering the methylation status of genes such as IL-5.

3. Kouverianos, Ioannis, Andreas Angelopoulos, and Dimitrios Daoussis. "The role of anti-eosinophilic therapies in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a systematic review." Rheumatology International 43.7 (2023): 1245-1252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-023-05326-1

For eosinophilic granulomatous polyangiitis (EGPA), biological agents targeting IL-5 (such as mepolizumab) have become an effective and safe treatment option, especially suitable for refractory patients, and have a significant hormone reduction effect. The therapeutic effects were similar at different doses, and benalizumab targeting the IL-5 receptor also showed potential. In the future, biomarkers need to be explored to accurately identify the beneficiary population.

4. Massey, Oliver William, and Cenk Suphioglu. "Taking a breather: advances in interleukin 5 inhibition for asthma relief." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.19 (2022): 11166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911166

The article indicates that IL-5 is a key cytokine that drives eosinophils to participate in type 2 asthma. Targeting this, three inhibitors, mepolizumab, benalizumab and relizumab, have been developed and applied in clinical treatment. This review elaborates on the IL-5 pathway and the clinical trial history of the above-mentioned drugs, aiming to promote the development of new therapies targeting this target.

5. Kotepui, Manas, et al. "Interleukin-5 levels in relation to malaria severity: a systematic review." Malaria Journal 22.1 (2023): 226. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04659-3

This systematic review analyzes the role of IL-5 in malaria. The results show that most studies indicate that there are no significant differences in IL-5 levels between malaria patients and uninfected individuals, or between severe and mild malaria cases, suggesting that IL-5 may play a limited role in the pathogenesis of malaria and further research is needed for confirmation.

Creative Biolabs: IL5 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality IL5 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom IL5 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our IL5 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.