FUS

This gene encodes a multifunctional protein component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complex. The hnRNP complex is involved in pre-mRNA splicing and the export of fully processed mRNA to the cytoplasm. This protein belongs to the FET family of RNA-binding proteins which have been implicated in cellular processes that include regulation of gene expression, maintenance of genomic integrity and mRNA/microRNA processing. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Defects in this gene result in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

FUS RNA Binding Protein

DNA/RNA-binding protein that plays a role in various cellular processes such as transcription regulation, RNA splicing, RNA transport, DNA repair and damage response (PubMed:27731383).

Binds to nascent pre-mRNAs and acts as a molecular mediator between RNA polymerase II and U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein thereby coupling transcription and splicing (PubMed:26124092).

Binds also its own pre-mRNA and autoregulates its expression; this autoregulation mechanism is mediated by non-sense-mediated decay (PubMed:24204307).

Plays a role in DNA repair mechanisms by promoting D-loop formation and homologous recombination during DNA double-strand break repair (PubMed:10567410).

In neuronal cells, plays crucial roles in dendritic spine formation and stability, RNA transport, mRNA stability and synaptic homeostasis (By similarity).

Cellular response to calcium ion Source: Ensembl
mRNA stabilization Source: MGI
Positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination Source: UniProtKB
Protein homooligomerization Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of RNA splicing Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: UniProtKB
RNA splicing Source: UniProtKB

Nucleus. Displays a punctate pattern inside the nucleus and is excluded from nucleoli.

A chromosomal aberration involving FUS is found in a patient with malignant myxoid liposarcoma. Translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11) with DDIT3.
A chromosomal aberration involving FUS is a cause of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Translocation t(16;21)(p11;q22) with ERG.
Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH):
The gene represented in this entry is involved in disease pathogenesis. A chromosomal aberration involving FUS is found in a patient with angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. Translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11.2) with ATF1 generates a chimeric FUS/ATF1 protein. A distinct variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma that typically occurs in children and adolescents and is manifest by nodular subcutaneous growth. Characteristic microscopic features include lobulated sheets of histiocyte-like cells intimately associated with areas of hemorrhage and cystic pseudovascular spaces, as well as a striking cuffing of inflammatory cells, mimicking a lymph node metastasis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6, with or without frontotemporal dementia (ALS6):
A neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord, resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. The pathologic hallmarks of the disease include pallor of the corticospinal tract due to loss of motor neurons, presence of ubiquitin-positive inclusions within surviving motor neurons, and deposition of pathologic aggregates. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of the cases.
Tremor, hereditary essential 4 (ETM4):
A common movement disorder mainly characterized by postural tremor of the arms. Head, legs, trunk, voice, jaw, and facial muscles also may be involved. The condition can be aggravated by emotions, hunger, fatigue and temperature extremes, and may cause a functional disability or even incapacitation. Inheritance is autosomal dominant.

Arg-216 and Arg-218 are dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine.
Phosphorylated in its N-terminal serine residues upon induced DNA damage. ATM and DNA-PK are able to phosphorylate FUS N-terminal region.